^{FN1 Ch22} Paul Johnson, The Birth of the Modern (New York: HarperCollins, 1991), p. 168.

^{FN2 Ch22} Edith Morley, The Life and Times of Henry Crabb Robinson (London: Dent, 1935), p. 125. As for Nova Scotia, it printed up its first postal stamps in 1851, the 3d blue and the 6d green, as depicted to the left.

^{FN3 Ch22} Though there were other reasons for the navel brass at Halifax to locate at Bermuda, they got their orders at Bermuda faster than if they were to stay at Halifax during the winter. According to Akins ("History of Halifax City," NSHS, #8, p. 188) the admiral at Halifax, during 1819 moved his quarters to Bermuda. "It [Dockyard] was removed at the time that one of the Admirals on the Station had taken offence at some occurrences in the town [Halifax] and had used his influence to effect the change." (Charles H. Stubbing, "Dockyard Memoranda 1894," NSHS, #13.)

^{FN4 Ch22} John Quinpool, First Things in Acadia (Halifax: First Things Publishers, 1936), p. 127.

^{FN5 Ch22} Llewellyn Woodward, The Age of Reform: 1815-1870 (1938)(Oxford: Clarendon Press, 2nd ed., 1962), p. 569.

^{FN6 Ch22} Kay Grant, Samuel Cunard: Pioneer of the Atlantic Steamship (London: Abelard-Schuman, 1967), p. 138.

^{FN7 Ch22} Quinpool, p. 128. From Grant, Samuel Cunard: Pioneer of the Atlantic Steamship at p. 138, we learn that the pony express in Nova Scotia only lasted until a line was strung on to Halifax, which was for a period of nine months. At this time, the newspapers at New York got together to cut share the costs of getting the news from Europe and opened an office had Halifax to meet ships sailing from Europe before they reached the dock at New York. This association of the New York papers was to become known as The Associated Press. See Quinpool, p. 17. For more on the origins of The Associated Press and the Pony Express, see: John W. Regan, "The Inception Of The Associated Press," NSHS, #19.

^{FN8 Ch22} Reuters News Service was founded in this year, 1851. [H. G. Wells, A Short History of the World (Collins, 1953), p. 226; Woodward, The Age of Reform: 1815-1870 (1938)(Oxford: Clarendon Press, 2nd ed., 1962), p. 598.]

^{FN9 Ch22} See, Woodward, The Age of Reform: 1815-1870, p. 571.